There are two types of windings usually used in a transformer. The winding receiving electrical energy is known as primary winding, whereas the winding delivering electrical energy is called secondary winding. Windings are usually made of high grade of copper. Standard conductors are used for carrying higher current. To avoid the each turn to come in contact with each other, the windings are provided with insulation. In addition to inter-turn insulator, bare copper wires are provided with enamel coating. Usually single- or double-layer cotton is used. Sometimes press board or cotton insulation is also used to support the windings. Usually additional insulation is provided for line end turns for their protection from lightning and switching over voltages. During transient disturbances, the distribution of voltage is not uniform along the windings and 80 per cent of voltage at that time appears across the first 10 per cent of turns from line end. Heat generation occurs due to energy loss, which is proportional to the volume of the material in which the losses occurs. The heat dissipation is proportional to the surface area of the same material and the tank. The ratio of heat generated to heat dissipated is approximately proportional to the ratio of volume of the material for conductors and the core to the surface area of the material for conductors, the core and the tank, which must approach to unity to limit the temperature rise. This can be achieved by corrugating the surface area of the tank. To get effective cooling, the radiators are used shown in Figure 1.18 later on.
The following are the most important requirements of transformer windings:
Humankind has become extremely dependent on electricity, without it we can’t run the household, keep…
[1] Define the term synchronous speed [Dec-2003] For synchronous machines there exists a fixed relationship…
We shared a lot of interview questions on electrical machines, power system and power electronics. Today we…
DIESEL POWER STATION A generating station in which diesel engine is used as the prime…
Q:Why syn. generators are used for the production of electricity? A:synchronous machines have capability to…
Hydro-electric Power Station A generating station which utilises the potential energy of water at a…